Types of Toxic & Non-Toxic Cookware
Pots and pans come in a wide range of materials. Some cookware materials are okay, if you have the right variety, or if you don’t use them every day. Let’s go through these one by one, including the brands we recommend.
Nontoxic Cookware Materials
The following materials are always non-toxic. We will share our favorite brands made of these materials below, under The Best Stuff.
Carbon Steel
Carbon steel is sometimes used for frying pans and woks. It’s similar to cast iron, and can leach small amounts of iron into food, which is great if you have someone with slight anemia in your home!
Cast Iron
For most of human history, people suffered from iron deficiencies, so cooking with cast iron helped to prevent anemia. In modern cultures, the opposite is true. Most of us get plenty of iron, and there’s a point at which ingesting too much can be problematic. In our kitchen, we try to switch between cast iron pans and pans made of other materials throughout the week. If you want to be extra cautious, you could avoid cast iron for recipes with long cooking duration or acidic foods, as this will cause increased iron leaching.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel pans are generally Good Stuff. The only caveat here is that stainless steel is made with nickel (the more nickel in the mix, the more “stainless” it is). The problem is that our bodies can handle some nickel, but too much isn’t healthy. This means that high quality stainless steel cookware, which has higher percentages of nickel, is actually of more concern than lower quality stainless steel! We know that stainless steel pans do leach nickel (along with some chromium and iron), especially with longer cooking times and when cooking acidic foods such as tomatoes. To minimize the potential for nickel leaching, you’d ideally want a pan that’s 18/4 or 18/0 stainless steel (that first number is the percentage of chromium; the second is nickel). I wouldn’t be concerned about using stainless steel as long as you just switch up your cookware. If you sometimes using cast iron and enamel pots and pans, you won’t be exposing yourself to too much nickel from stainless steel. If you’re still worried, you could avoid stainless steel when cooking acidic foods for long time periods.
Tempered Glass
Glass is probably the most inert of any cooking surface, and you can even get pots and pans made of this ultimate Good Stuff!
Titanium
Titanium is a non-toxic and biocompatible metal, so it is used for medical instruments, dental implant devices, and joint replacements. Titanium is also lightweight and extremely strong. Titanium cookware uses an aluminum base for even heat transfer and distribution. The non-porous, non-stick titanium outer surface does not allow any aluminum to leach through. The only reason to be cautious about titanium cookware is that it seems that most manufacturers now coat their titanium cookware with non-stick finishes, rendering it “Bad Stuff.”
Materials That May Be Safe in Cookware
When shopping for non-toxic cookware, some of these materials come in safe forms. Other times, they are treated (or untreated, as the case may be) in a way that renders them less safe.
Clay
Without testing a clay pot for every possible contaminant, you have no way of knowing what might be leaching into your food. Without a glaze on the pot, there is no protective barrier between what’s in the clay and your meal. The risks of unglazed clay pots and pans outweigh the potential benefits of the good minerals that might leach into your food—calcium, iron, etc.
Coated Ceramic
Made from natural materials such as clay and minerals, ceramic cookware offers excellent heat retention and distribution. Its non-reactive surface makes it ideal for cooking acidic foods, and it is also appreciated for its nontoxic nonstick cookware properties, requiring less oil or fat during cooking. Furthermore, it is generally considered safer than nonstick alternatives since it doesn’t contain potentially harmful chemicals like PFOA or PTFE. Ceramic cookware can be considered a safe less-stick if not truly truly non-stick material. Some ceramic cookware is coated with materials that may contain harmful substances like lead, cadmium, and other heavy metals. To ensure safety, it is crucial to choose ceramic cookware that is labeled as free from toxic materials and is certified as being compliant with safety standards.
Enamel
In essence, enamel is a form of glass. Enameled cookware is most often cast iron with an enamel coating. This type of cookware is wonderful to cook with. Some people have worried about lead in the enamel cookware, since the enamel coating is often made of clay, which can leach lead. For this reason, we suggest choosing high quality enamel cookware from well-known brands.
Newer Non-Stick Materials
For more details on these materials, and the brands we like most (and which brands should be avoided), check out the Best, Good, Bad, and Sneaky brands that follow. You can’t necessarily believe brands that advertise themselves as nontoxic nonstick cookware.
247 comments
Maia James
I don’t know, but will add to my list for a future investigation!
Maia James
Yes that stainless steel is fine.Â
Leslie Gast
Does Emile Henry ceramic cookware pass the test?
Shahinur
HI Maia,
Thanks for the Post, Your writing review of cookware is really great.
I likes your Article,
Happy Mary Christmas
and Happy new year.
:-)
Kylie
What do you think of cuisinart stainless steel? I bought some to replace my old non stick stuff, but now I can’t figure out if it is good stainless steel?
Thank you!
Maia James
Unfortunately, this company is too vague on details for us to give the official Good Stuff stamp.
Maia James
Unfortunately, we haven’t found other brands that I can recommend right now. Xtrema is having a major sale this week, which makes it slightly more affordable! Here’s that link:http://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=595230&u=660232&m=52296&urllink=&afftrack=">Xtrema
sandra nunes
Hi,
Would you see much difference in the health benefits of Le Creuset v Staub? Not much info on Staub on the web. Many thanks! SandraMelissa
Would you consider Green Life Healthy Ceramic Non-Stick Cookware good stuff?
Melissa
Super great to know that that Xtrema is the same thing as Dr. Mercola. It is probably cheaper too.. I’m going to check it out. Still want to get the soup ware cooking pots and other items.. Thanks for sharing this.
Danni
Hello,
Thank you for this amazing website. Your guides have brought my attention to so many things my family shouldn’t be using.
By chance do you have any other recommendations for your Porcelain Enamel or Ceramic cookware? The ones you mention are a bit high in price for my family right now.
Thank you in advance.
John Goss
Hi Polina,
Ceramic coated is a term that refers to a proprietary method of creating a non-stick surface on a pan…usually aluminum. “Proprietary†is code for, “we’re not telling you what’s in it.†For this reason we cannot know if it is toxic or not, but it probably is toxic. We boil it down to this: Any cookware called “non-stick†contains questionable or toxic materials. If it says “non-stick†it is probably toxic. If it is not toxic it is also not “non-stickâ€. Best, JohnPlease do not get confused between the terms “Ceramic coated” and Ceramic Cookware". That are NOT the same thing.
John Goss
Hi Darshana,
We boil it down to this: Any cookware called “non-stick†contains questionable or toxic materials. If it says “non-stick†it is probably toxic. If it is not toxic it is also not “non-stickâ€. Best, JohnJohn here…
Red Copper, like many cookware manufacturers uses a proprietary technology to produce their nonstick surfaces. “Proprietary†is code for, “we’re not telling you what’s in it.â€
For this reason we cannot know for certain if it is toxic or not, but it probably is!
John Goss
John here…
Woll’s technology is, in our opinion, definitely NOT “Good Stuff”. We boil it down to this: Any cookware called “non-stick†contains questionable or toxic materials. If it says “non-stick†it is probably toxic. If it is not toxic it is also not “non-stickâ€. Best, JohnWoll, like many cookware manufacturers uses a proprietary technology to produce their nonstick surfaces. “Proprietary†is code for, “we’re not telling you what’s in it.â€
John Goss
Hi Lisa,
We boil it down to this: Any cookware called “non-stick” contains questionable or toxic materials. If it says “non-stick” it is probably toxic. If it is not toxic it is also not “non-stick”. Best, JohnJohn here…
Swiss Diamond, like many cookware manufacturers uses a proprietary technology to produce their nonstick surfaces. “Proprietary” is code for, “we’re not telling you what’s in it.”
For this reason we cannot know if it is toxic or not.
John Goss
Hi Sou C,
There is no silicon in enameled cookware.Quartz is nontoxic and safe.
John Goss
Hi Melissa,
Go to our Safe Cookwear Guide here… https://gimmethegoodstuff.com/safe-product-guides/cookware/ Scroll down until you see “Ceramic” There is a link to Xtrema at the bottom of the review.Dr. Mercola not only has many interesting things to say, but above all he is a great marketer. Indeed his ceramic cookware is the real deal, but it is not his. He got a licensing deal with Xtrema and simply sells their products under his name.
Mercola cookware and Xtrema cookware are the same thing. He buys from Xtrema, rebrands the products and resells to us.
The main difference is that he sells packages of cookware, whereas, if you go directly to Xtrema via the link found in our Safe Cookware Guide, you have the option to pick and choose exactly the pieces you want. You also can take advantage of any specials or sales that Xtrema might be offering.
Shelley Wagner
I am allergic to Nicole, chromium and my worst metal allergy is titanium. I was injured in a crosswalk in April. My Ortho lied to me about the rods used to replace my Fibula and Tibia for 3/4 oder my lower leg. He doesn’t believe I am allergic to metal. My upper rods are being attacked by my own body. I will most likely loss my lower leg.
My point is that I haven’t walked in over 7 months and people especially 17% of woman are either sensitive or as I am totally allergic to so many Metals. I am an herbalist who was given more drugs then required while in the hospital for 27 days and have just learned this weekend that many which were not required were those which contain toxic ingredients like Fluoride as well as titanium dioxide. Beside my unacceptable rods this ortho also used close to 100 staples to close the incisions in my leg. He did not grasp my allergy to Metals. I was sent home with a developing infection that not only infected my leg, but also my brain. Please do not list titanium as not a toxic metal. Many of those who have joint, dental etc placed in their bodies only become sensitive after the surgery. Many are diagnosed with Chronic Fatigue, Lyme Disease, as well as, MS.Polina
Hi Maia,
Have you done any investigation or heard of Scanpan brand out of Denmark? They supposedly ceramic coated, however they claim to be PFOA-free that you mentioned is always a sneaky stuff…. Just curious if you know anything about it.
Thank you!
Polina
Darshana
Wonder what you think of these “red copper pans” that are advertised constantly on the only TV show I watch (an old Star Trek)
Here they are online: https://www.redcoppersquareasseenontv.com/index.jsp?uid=6D000FE51733B59037C4253DA65C1213 Here’s a store’s version: https://www.bedbathandbeyond.com/store/product/copper-chef-trade-9-5-inch-square-nonstick-fry-pan/1046619167?skuId=46619167&mcid=PS_googlepla_nonbrand_cookware_&product_id=46619167&adpos=1o2&creative=43742634349&device=c&matchtype=&network=g&gclid=CKOFkaW1sNACFQINaQodjjYLUgDewitt
Dear Maia
Thanks in advance, DewittI would appreciate if you can tell me the safety of Woll cookwares. they are apparently made of Aluminum-titanium oxides or diamond crystals. Apparently they are non-stick. They are made in Germany.
Lisa
Hi, Maia-
Thanks for your comments! LisaDo you have any information on the Swiss Diamond brand of cookware? I am looking for something for my daughter. My experience using the one SD skillet that I own is excellent.
Sou C
Hi,
Regards, Sou CFirst I would like to say that I am very happy to have come across your website. I find the questions and answers were very helpful. My question for you is, would you by any chance know if
1) Le Creuset Dutch oven’s enamel contains any silicon?
2) The Staub’s manufacturer claims that the interior coating contains trace of quartz. Is cooking with quartz any health concerns?
3) Does Staub interior coating consists silicone?
Melissa
Hello
After I had a bad case of heavy metal poisoning from my cookware, etc. I did my own research and found that surgical steel pans were highly thought of. I almost bought a set of those, but then I found Dr. Mercola brand ceramic cookware. He is a licensed surgeon – watch his video on his sit. He tested the materials he uses in his pans and HIGH heat and there is NO leaching of any kind (he does give a guide that shows trace amounts that are insignificant – but it does show leaching in several other comparison products) he gives the data on his site. He sells a pans set, a soup set, and a knife set as well as other health products. The only thing I don’t like about the pans is that they are BLACK in color – so they aren’t sold in different pretty colors. They are NOT decor, they are health pans. I’ve also noticed that it helps to heat up the pan first, then add butter, then add eggs, for example so they won’t stick so much. These are not non-stick pans, but they clean up nice and if the pan is heated first before adding the oils, that seems to help. After a very long search of trying green pans, ceramic pans, the ones that claimed there were NO toxic metals, but there were… I was so tired of false claims. This pan set seems to be the real deal. I’ve had it now for almost a year. You can cook on stove top, bake, and even transfer to the fridge if you want int he same pan. It is super easy to clean. If something does stick soak it in water to loosen, then use a plastic type scrubber and not steel wool for easy clean up. Please consider adding Dr. Mercola ceramic cookware to your health products list. I have been muscle tested AFTER using his cookware and I am now free of heavy metal toxicity that was before showing up greatly when I was using so-called healthy pans from other companies. here is the link. http://cookware.mercola.com/Robin J.
Sandy,
Pyrex sells styles with glass tops (and silicone seals – no plastic), they are more challenging to find though. Hope this helps!
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B008MW2BKU/ref=oh_aui_search_detailpage?ie=UTF8&psc=1
Maia James
Hi there-yes, in my opinion the silicone straw in the Pura cups is safer than plastic in other cups. I like the Eco Vessel food storage containers, but we also use and love these:http://amzn.to/2cwf7LP. At home we also use Pyrex. I think Xtrema is the safest cookware; Le Creuset and stainless steel are also fine!
Maia James
Greenpan is definitely better than old school Teflon, but still too unknown for us to confidently call it Good Stuff.
Sandy Weber
Hello Maia. Are the pura kiki the safest drinking straw cups out there? We have a special needs son who only drinks from a straw; trying to avoid plastic. Is silicone better than typical plastic sippy straws? Also, are the eco vessel containers the safest option for taking food to school? I noticed that the tops are plastic. What about home food storage? I only find glass pyrex with plastic lids. Do you own any xtrema cookware; what are your thoughts on these versus stainless or Le Creseut?
Julie
Hi Maia,
Thanks so much for all your hard work to educate us on such important issues. I just purchased your guide & can’t wait to get it! Just wanted to ask about Greenpan….since they are PTFE free & such, are they still on your nasty stuff list? Thanks!
Maia James
Thanks for your kind words! Other than Fox Run, I don’t know a stainless steel brand. What about cast iron, like this? http://amzn.to/2cbeQig. Another option is to just use an aluminum one but put parchment liners inside.
Maia James
We haven’t looked into this deeply, but my opinion is that any of those options would be acceptable! I agree that the porcelain enameled cast iron might be top choice.
Robin J.
Maia,
I cannot say enough how I appreciate your research and advise. I too am trying to find Good muffin tins, but the reviews on the Fox Run brand posted above have buyers questioning if its really stainless. Of course we can’t believe everything we read…do you have any other recommendations? Thanks so much! Cannot wait for the bakeware guide :)
Parvin Arunkumar
Hi Maia
I’ve been using Roichen Natural Ceramic cookware (1st series) and Neoflam Ceramic Cast Aluminum cookware, also stainless steel pots and pans from Ikea. I’m badly in need of a wok and a pressure cooker. Thinking of a Black Wok and Zebra Stainless Steel Pressure Cooker in particular. Please give me your reviews on the cookware I’ve been using and my future black wok & pressure cooker. Thanks Ps: I believe both Roichen and Neoflam is a Korean brand and Zebra is a Thai brand. Thank you again Parvin MalaysiaEmily
Hi Maia,
What is your opinion about grill grates. I’m looking at porcelain enameled steel, porcelain enameled cast iron or stainless steel. Based on on your reviews of the porcelain enameled pots like Le Creseut I was thinking the porcelain enameled cast iron would be the best healthiest choice. Help! EmilyMaia James
Those should be fine.
Kayla
Thank you for this excellent info! What about vintage Pyrex bowls?
Maia James
Anything glass or stainless steel! Depending on what you need…I like Pyrex baking dishes like this: http://amzn.to/2ayAsqR.
For muffin tins and things like that, stainless steel that’s not treated with nonstick chemicals, like this: http://amzn.to/2awiPr6
Maia James
I haven’t looked into this enough to give you a definitive answer, but salespeople are often misinformed, so I would trust what the website says. In general, titanium is a safe material, provided it is not treated with a nonstick chemical.
Kimberly
Do you have any recommendations for bakeware? I am having trouble finding anything that is not non-stick!
Carolyn
Titanware is running a sale locally and the salesperson claimed that they are completely nontoxic. The saleswoman told me they are titanium with a ceramic coating to make it nonstick. The website says they are aluminum pans with titanium coating. Have you looked at this line? Are they Sneaky Stuff?
Thank you!Brie
Thank you so much for the response! I look forward to hearing your opinion! :D
Maia James
I need to look into these before I can give you a definite answer. Stay tuned!
Brie
What are your thoughts on the Greenpan Diamond, specifically Diamond (sold at Sur La Table) pots and pans?
Maia James
Yes, any stainless steel soup pot would be fine, and you can find inexpensive ones easily.
Karen
i checked all the options you posted and the pans were reasonable prices but the pots are expensive. the Le Creuset was close to $400. Are there any pots to cook soups in that are cheaper?
Maia James
Stainless steel is safe, yes. Silicone appears to be non-leaching and safe, but it is plastic, so I try to avoid cooking food in it (such as silicone bakeware). For utensils, I’m fine with silicone.
Deeg
I’m curious what you have found out about cooking utensils. Is silicone safe? What about stainless steel?
Thanks